Dieta DASH - alimentação saudável que ajuda a reduzir a pressão arterial
Revisado por Dr Colin Tidy, MRCGPÚltima atualização por Lynn StephenÚltima atualização 7 Sept 2025
Atende aos diretrizes editoriais
- BaixarBaixar
- Compartilhar
- Language
- Discussão
- Versão em Áudio
A dieta DASH é uma dieta saudável para o coração que reduz a pressão arterial e o colesterol. Longe de ser especializada, este plano alimentar pode beneficiar muitas pessoas - seja você alguém que busca melhorar a saúde cardíaca debilitada, gerenciar uma condição relacionada ou se proteger contra problemas de saúde futuros.
Neste artigo:
Vídeos selecionados para Pressão arterial
Continue lendo abaixo
What is the DASH diet?
The DASH diet - which stands for Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension - is a flexible eating plan that helps lower blood pressure (hipertensão) and reduce your chances of doença cardíaca.
Developed over 20 years ago with support from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), this diet involves no special foods or strict plan. Instead, it puts emphasis on weekly nutritional goals, portion sizes, and eating a colourful variety of healthy foods including lots of vegetables and fruits.
DASH diet food list
Foods to include on the DASH diet and serving sizes based on a 2000 calories-per-day diet.
Foods to include | Daily/weekly servings | One serving size equals |
Vegetables - from all subgroups, including dark greens and starchy vegetables, such as kale and sweet potatoes | 4 to 5 a day | 75 grams (1 cup) of raw, leafy veg, or 85 grams (½ cup) of cooked vegetables |
Fruits - especially whole fruit skins, flesh, and pulp | 4 to 5 a day | 1 medium piece of fruit, or 75 grams (½ cup) of fresh or frozen fruit |
A variety of grains - at least half of which whole grains, such as brown rice and quinoa | 7 to 8 a day | 1 slice of wholemeal bread, or 125 grams (½ cup) of cooked brown rice or pasta |
Lean meats, poultry and fish | Up to 2 a day | 5 grams (3 ounces) of cooked meat, skinless chicken, or fish |
Low-fat or fat-free dairy - including milk, yoghurt, and cheese | 2 to 3 a day | 235 millilitres (8 ounces) of milk, or 235 millilitres (1 cup) of yoghurt, or 45 grams (1 ½ cups) of cheese |
Nuts, seeds and beans | 4 to 5 a week | 1 tablespoon of seeds, or 2 tablespoons of peanut butter, or 43 grams (1/3 cup) of mixed nuts, or 115 grams (½ cup) of cooked kidney beans |
Foods to limit | Daily/weekly servings | One serving size equals |
Dietary salt (sodium) | Up to 2,300 milligrams a day | 1 teaspoon of salt - including that in processed foods and added in cooking |
Fats and oils – especially saturated and trans fats found in butter, fried foods, and highly processed meals | 2 to 3 a day | 1 teaspoon of soft margarine, or 1 teaspoon of low-fat mayonnaise, or 2 tablespoons of light salad dressing |
Added sugar and sweets | Limited to less than 5 per week | 1 tablespoon of sugar, or 1 tablespoon of jam |
Álcool | Up to 1 drink for women and men a day | Maximum 14 units a week 1.5 units is a small glass of wine 1 unit is 1/2 pint of 4% beer |
On the DASH diet, limiting your consumption of dietary salt, added açúcares, e unhealthy fats while focussing on healthy foods rich in lean protein, fibre, and minerals can help protect your heart and control your blood pressure.
This diet isn't just for people with high blood pressure or conditions that increase their chances of heart issues - anyone can benefit.
At the same time, you can tailor a DASH diet to suit your goals. For example, if you have high blood pressure - a reading of 135/85 or higher - and consume too much salt, the low-sodium DASH diet limits salt intake to no more than 1500 milligrams a day, which is three-quarters of a teaspoon. This is slightly lower than the one teaspoon of recommended salt intake per day - and it results in a substantially bigger drop in blood pressure.
There's nothing unusual about this eating plan. It's based on established regime de alimentação saudável knowledge and portion guidelines, and for this reason is similar to many other health-promoting diets, such as the dieta mediterrânea.
However, its emphasis on limiting salt has earned it a place among the top heart healthy diets.
Benefits of the DASH diet
Voltar ao conteúdoReduz a pressão arterial
Your blood pressure is the force at which your blood travels around the body through your blood vessels. Having high blood pressure means that this force is placing a dangerous amount of strain on your heart to push out the blood - causing damage to your blood vessels, heart muscle, and other organs and increasing your chances of life-threatening heart problems.
By following the DASH diet, you can significantly lower your blood pressure within weeks - whether it's already dangerously high or at healthier levels.
Here's why:
Limits salt intake - salt pulls water into your bloodstream, increasing the force placed on blood vessel walls, raising blood pressure.
Limits added sugars - these can block the production of nitric oxide (NO) in blood vessels, a chemical that allows blood vessels to expand and reduce pressure.
Focusses on fruits and vegetables - which contain potássio, which relieves tension in blood vessels and helps your body flush out more salt through your pee.
Lowers bad cholesterol
High levels of unhealthy colesterol - known to scientists as low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol - also increase your chance of heart problems, such as doença cardíaca e derrame. This is because LDL cholesterol, a fatty substance, can build up on your blood vessel walls, slow down blood flow, and prevent oxygen from reaching essential organs.
The DASH diet can significantly reduce the build-up of LDL cholesterol, and if fighting high cholesterol levels is your aim, adopting a higher-good fat, lower-carb version of the eating plan can be even more effective.
Here's why:
Limits saturated and trans fats - foods containing these types of fats raise LDL cholesterol in the blood.
Increases fibre - which slows digestion, keeping blood sugars from spiking, and prevents fats from being absorbed in the bloodstream.
Limits added sugars - which lowers high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, the good cholesterol that helps flush other cholesterol out of the body.
A higher-fat DASH diet - as well as lowering LDL cholesterol, this modification of DASH also reduces triglycerides, fats that combined with high LDL cholesterol to increase your chances of heart issues.
Continue lendo abaixo
Other potential benefits
Voltar ao conteúdoThe DASH diet can benefit anyone, whether healthy or in poor heart health. But it may also help people with particular health conditions or goals.
Por exemplo:
Diabetes management - lowering blood pressure is an important goal for people with diabetes. What's more, it could also improve insulin resistance, cholesterol, and weight management - all of which help to either manage or reverse diabetes.
Healthy weight loss - given that the DASH diet cuts down on high-fat and sugary foods, some people can reach a healthy weight on the DASH diet, so long as they’re creating déficit calórico.
Lowering the chance of cancer - following this diet may lower your chance of getting some cancers, including câncer colorretal e câncer de mama.
Lowering the chance of metabolic syndrome - the DASH diet may reduce your chance of developing síndrome metabólica by up to 81%.
Escolhas do paciente para Pressão arterial
Dieta e nutrição
Proteínas à base de plantas podem ajudar a prevenir a pressão alta
Consumir uma quantidade maior de proteínas vegetais minimamente processadas - como feijões, nozes e lentilhas - pode reduzir suas chances de desenvolver pressão alta, de acordo com uma nova pesquisa.
por Laura Williamson
Saúde do coração e vasos sanguíneos
6 hábitos de trabalho que mantêm seu coração saudável
It's one thing knowing that you could be doing more to keep your heart healthy - and another finding the time. Whether you're a 9-to-5 desk worker, a long-distance commuter, or a parent juggling it all, we've assembled 6 heart-healthy habits for you to slot into your busy workday schedule.
por Lawrence Higgins
Continue lendo abaixo
Histórico do artigo
As informações nesta página são revisadas por pares por clínicos qualificados.
Next review due: 7 Sept 2028
7 Sept 2025 | Última versão
28 Jul 2023 | Publicado originalmente
Escrito por:
Amberley Davis
Pergunte, compartilhe, conecte-se.
Navegue por discussões, faça perguntas e compartilhe experiências em centenas de tópicos de saúde.
Sentindo-se mal?
Avalie seus sintomas online gratuitamente
Inscreva-se no boletim informativo do Patient
Sua dose semanal de conselhos de saúde claros e confiáveis - escritos para ajudá-lo a se sentir informado, confiante e no controle.
Ao se inscrever, você aceita nossos Política de Privacidade. Você pode cancelar a inscrição a qualquer momento. Nunca vendemos seus dados.