Comprimidos de Efavirenz para HIV

About efavirenz

Efavirenz is an antiretroviral medicine. It is used for infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV). It slows the progress of HIV infection, but it is not a cure. HIV destroys cells in the body, called CD4 T cells. These cells are a type of white blood cell and are important because they are involved in protecting your body from infection. If left untreated, the HIV infection weakens your immune system so that your body cannot defend itself against bacteria, viruses and other germs. Efavirenz slows down the progress of HIV infection by reducing the amount of virus in your body. It does this by stopping the virus from copying (replicating) itself.

Efavirenz will be prescribed for you in a hospital clinic by a doctor who is a specialist. It belongs to a group of antiretroviral medicines known as non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. It is given alongside a number of other antiretroviral medicines, as part of a combination therapy. Taking three or more antiretroviral medicines at the same time is more effective than taking one alone. Taking a combination of different medicines also reduces the risk that the virus will become resistant to any individual medicine. It is vital to take them exactly as prescribed to maintain success and to help to prevent the virus from becoming resistant to the medicines. These medicines are usually taken for life.

Some medicines are not suitable for people with certain conditions, and sometimes a medicine can only be used if extra care is taken. For these reasons, before you start taking efavirenz it is important that your doctor knows:

• Se você está grávida, tentando ter um bebê ou amamentando.

• Se você tiver algum problema com o funcionamento do seu fígado, ou se tiver algum problema com o funcionamento dos seus rins.

• If you have a heart condition, such as an irregular heartbeat or heart failure.

• If you have ever had any mental health problems.

• Se você já teve uma convulsão (ataque epiléptico).

• If you have been told you have very low levels of some salts in your blood.

• Se você tem um distúrbio sanguíneo hereditário raro chamado porfiria.

• Se você estiver tomando outros medicamentos. Isso inclui quaisquer medicamentos que estejam disponíveis para compra sem receita médica, bem como medicamentos fitoterápicos e complementares.

• Se você já teve uma reação alérgica a um medicamento.
  

• Before you start the treatment, read the manufacturer's printed information leaflet from inside the pack. It will give you more information about efavirenz, and it will also provide you with a full list of the side-effects which you could experience from taking it.

• Take efavirenz exactly as your doctor tells you to. The usual dose for an adult is one 600 mg tablet daily. The dose will also be printed on the label of the pack to remind you about what the doctor said.

• Efavirenz should be taken when your stomach is empty, which means taking it one hour before a meal, or waiting until two hours after you've eaten. This is because your body absorbs more efavirenz after a meal, which makes side-effects much more likely.

• Try to take efavirenz at the same time of day each day, as this will help you to remember to take efavirenz regularly. Your doctor is likely to recommend you take your doses at bedtime.

• Do not drink grapefruit juice while you are on efavirenz. This is because a chemical in grapefruit juice is thought to increase the amount of efavirenz in your bloodstream, making side-effects more likely.

• If you forget to take a dose, do not 'double-up' on the following day to make up for the missed dose. Leave out the forgotten dose from the previous day and take the dose that is due as normal.

• Keep your regular appointments with your doctor so that your progress can be monitored. You will need to have regular blood tests.

• It is important that you continue to take efavirenz and your other antiretroviral treatment regularly. This will help to prevent the HIV from becoming resistant to the medicines you are taking. Even if you miss only a small number of doses, the virus can become resistant to treatment.

• If you develop an infection soon after you start the treatment, let your doctor know. As a result of taking efavirenz, your immune system may start fighting an infection which was present before you started the treatment, but which you may not have been aware of.

• Siga cuidadosamente qualquer conselho que seu médico lhe der sobre fazer mudanças no estilo de vida para reduzir qualquer risco de danos ao seu coração e vasos sanguíneos. Isso pode incluir parar de fumar, comer de forma saudável e fazer exercícios regularmente.

• Embora o tratamento com medicamentos antirretrovirais possa reduzir o risco de você transmitir o HIV a outras pessoas através do contato sexual, ele não o elimina. É importante que você use preservativos.

• It is not uncommon for people with HIV to feel low or even depressed, especially soon after the diagnosis has been made and treatment has been started. If you have any feelings of depression, or any distressing thoughts about harming yourself then you should speak with your doctor imediatamente.

• Algumas pessoas que tomaram medicamentos antirretrovirais (particularmente por um longo período) desenvolveram uma condição chamada osteonecrose. Esta é uma doença óssea em que o tecido ósseo morre devido à redução do suprimento de sangue. Isso leva a dores nas articulações e rigidez, e pode causar dificuldades de movimento. Se você notar algum desses sintomas, fale com seu médico.

• If you buy any medicines, supplements or herbal remedies 'over the counter', check with a pharmacist that they are suitable to take with efavirenz and your other medicines. This is because some medicines interfere with antiretrovirals and can stop them from working properly. In particular, do not take St John's wort.

• Algumas pessoas que tomam medicamentos antirretrovirais desenvolvem alterações na forma como a gordura corporal é distribuída no corpo. Isso pode resultar em mudanças na imagem corporal. Seu médico discutirá a possibilidade disso com você.

• Se você for se submeter a uma operação ou tratamento dentário, informe à pessoa que está realizando o tratamento quais medicamentos você está tomando.

• Treatment for HIV is usually lifelong. Continue to take efavirenz regularly, even if you feel well. This is to keep your immune system healthy.

Along with their useful effects, most medicines can cause unwanted side-effects although not everyone experiences them. The table below contains some of the most common ones associated with efavirenz. You will find a full list in the manufacturer's information leaflet supplied with your medicine. The unwanted effects often improve as your body adjusts to the new medicine, but speak with your doctor or pharmacist if any of the following continue or become troublesome.

If you experience any other symptoms which you think may be due to efavirenz, speak with your doctor or pharmacist for further advice.

• Mantenha todos os medicamentos fora do alcance e da vista das crianças.

• Armazene em local fresco e seco, longe de calor e luz diretos.