Regurgitação aórtica
Revisado por Dr Adrian Bonsall, MBBSÚltima atualização por Dr Colin Tidy, MRCGPÚltima atualização 1 Aug 2017
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Nesta série:Doença da válvula cardíacaEstenose mitralRegurgitação mitralEstenose aórticaEndocardite infecciosa
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Aortic regurgitation is sometimes called aortic incompetence or a leaky aortic valve. In aortic regurgitation the valve does not close properly. The aortic valve is a válvula cardíaca that lies between the left ventricle and the aorta. Therefore, blood leaks back (regurgitates) into the left ventricle from the aorta.
In some cases, aortic regurgitation occurs at the same time as aortic stenosis. Read more about aortic stenosis.
Em resumo
Aortic regurgitation is when blood leaks backward through the aortic valve.
Symptoms may include tiredness, shortness of breath, and swollen ankles.
Mild cases may not need treatment.
Medicines can ease symptoms if heart failure develops.
Surgery to repair or replace the valve may be advised for more severe cases.
Sintomas
Mild aortic regurgitation may cause no symptoms. However symptoms may include
Falta de ar, especially with exercise or when you lie down
Tratamento
If the backflow of blood is mild then you may not need any treatment. If you develop complications, various medicines may be advised. Surgery may sometimes be advised.
Medicação
Medication may be advised to help ease symptoms of heart failure if heart failure develops - for example, inibidores da enzima conversora de angiotensina (ECA) e/ou 'water' tablets (diuretics). See separate leaflet called Heart Failure for more details on treatment methods.
Cirurgia
Surgical options include repair of the aortic valve or replacement of the valve. The most recent guideline recommends replacement as the preferred option in most cases.
Valve replacement surgery may be with a mechanical or a tissue valve. Mechanical valves are made of materials which are not likely to react with your body, such as titanium. Tissue valves are made from treated animal tissue, such as valves from a pig. If you need surgery, a surgeon will advise on which is the best option for your situation.
Surgical treatment has greatly improved the outlook in most people with more severe regurgitation. The outlook (prognosis) is good if the valve is treated before the heart becomes badly damaged.
Qual é o resultado?
The outcome (prognosis) will depend on the underlying cause and the severity of aortic regurgitation. The outcome is generally poor if there is no treatment but is good with available modern treatments.
Escolhas do paciente para Doença cardíaca
Saúde do coração e vasos sanguíneos
Doença cardíaca
The heart is a muscle pump located in the chest, which pumps blood around the body. It keeps pumping from a few weeks after conception until we die. There are a number of different conditions that can affect how the heart works.
por Dra. Rachel Hudson, MRCGP
Saúde do coração e vasos sanguíneos
Angina microvascular
Não há uma definição consensual para CSX. A causa subjacente pode ser um estreitamento súbito (espasmo) das artérias coronárias normais, sem evidência de placas de gordura ateroscleróticas.
por Dra. Hayley Willacy, FRCGP
Perguntas frequentes
Can aortic regurgitation improve on its own without treatment?
The article implies that if the backflow of blood is mild, treatment might not be necessary, suggesting that it may remain stable or not worsen. However, it does not explicitly state that aortic regurgitation can improve or resolve on its own. It highlights that the outcome is generally poor without treatment if the condition is severe.
What is the typical recovery time after aortic valve surgery?
The article mentions that surgical treatment has greatly improved the outlook for people with severe regurgitation, but it does not provide information on typical recovery times or what to expect in the period immediately following surgery.
Are there any lifestyle changes I can make to help manage aortic regurgitation?
The article focuses primarily on medical and surgical treatments, and the symptoms of the condition. It does not offer specific advice on lifestyle changes that might help manage aortic regurgitation or its symptoms.
How often will I need to be monitored if my aortic regurgitation is mild and doesn't require treatment?
The article states that mild cases may not need treatment, but it does not specify any recommendations for ongoing monitoring or follow-up appointments in such situations.
What are the potential risks associated with mechanical or tissue valve replacement surgery?
The article describes the types of valves used in surgery (mechanical and tissue) and states that surgery has improved outcomes. However, it does not detail the potential risks or complications associated with these surgical procedures or the different types of valves.
Leitura adicional e referências
- Profilaxia contra endocardite infecciosa: Profilaxia antimicrobiana contra endocardite infecciosa em adultos e crianças submetidos a procedimentos intervencionistas; Diretriz Clínica NICE (março de 2008 - última atualização em julho de 2016)
- 2023 ESC Guidelines for the management of infective endocarditis; European Society of Cardiology (Aug 2023)
- Nishimura RA, Otto CM, Bonow RO, et al; Atualização Focada de 2017 da Diretriz AHA/ACC de 2014 para o Manejo de Pacientes com Doença Valvar Cardíaca. Circulation. 2017; CIR.0000000000000503. Publicado originalmente em 15 de março de 2017.
- Vahanian A et al; Guidelines on the management of valvular heart disease: The Task Force on the Management of Valvular Heart Disease of the European Society of Cardiology, 2017
- Ozkan M; O que há de novo na atualização focada de 2017 das diretrizes de doença valvular cardíaca do ACC/AHA. Anatol J Cardiol. 2017 Jun;17(6):421-422. doi: 10.14744/AnatolJCardiol.2017.7925.
Sobre o autorVer biografia completa
Dr Colin Tidy, MRCGP
Médico Generalista, Autor Médico
MBBS, MRCGP, MRCP (Paediatrics), DCH
Dr Colin Tidy é um médico do NHS, baseado em Oxfordshire.
Sobre o revisorVer biografia completa
Dr Adrian Bonsall, MBBS
Autor Médico
MA (Química), MBBS (Hons), DCH
Desde 2000, Adrian trabalha em pediatria de emergência e cuidados críticos em Sydney, com interesses particulares em toxicologia, trauma e ressuscitação.
Histórico do artigo
As informações nesta página são escritas e revisadas por clínicos qualificados.
Artigo também disponível em Inglês, Alemão, Espanhol, Francês, Italiano, Português, Hindi, Hebraico, Árabe, e Sueco.
1 Aug 2017 | Última versão
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