class II major histocompatibility complex transactivator
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A CIITA gene provides instructions for making a protein that primarily helps control the activity (transcription) of genes called major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II genes. Transcription is the first step in the production of proteins, and CIITA is critical for the production of specialized immune proteins called MHC class II proteins from these genes. The CIITA protein coordinates various proteins to turn on MHC class II gene transcription and allow the production of MHC class II proteins.
Normal function
A CIITA gene provides instructions for making a protein that primarily helps control the activity (transcription) of genes called major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II genes. Transcription is the first step in the production of proteins, and CIITA is critical for the production of specialized immune proteins called MHC class II proteins from these genes. The CIITA protein coordinates various proteins to turn on MHC class II gene transcription and allow the production of MHC class II proteins.
MHC class II proteins are found on the surface of several types of immune cells, including white blood cells (lymphocytes) that are involved in immune reactions. These proteins play an important role in the body's immune response to foreign invaders, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi. To help the body recognise and fight infections, MHC class II proteins bind to fragments of proteins (peptides) from foreign invaders so that other specialized immune system cells can interact with them. When these immune system cells recognise the peptides as harmful, they trigger the lymphocytes and other immune cells to launch immune responses to get rid of the foreign invaders.
The CIITA protein also appears to play a role in enhancing the transcription of MHC class I genes, which provide instructions for making immune system proteins called MHC class I proteins. Like MHC class II proteins, MHC class I proteins attach to peptides from foreign invaders and present them to specific immune system cells. These cells then attack the foreign invaders to rid them from the body. While the CIITA protein is able to help promote MHC class I gene activity, it is not the primary regulator of these genes. Other proteins play a more prominent role in their transcription.
Conditions referring to this gene or chromosome
Other names
C2TA
CIITAIV
MHC class II transactivator
MHC2TA
NLR family, acid domain containing
NLRA
nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine rich repeat and acid domain containing
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Leitura adicional e referências
- class II major histocompatibility complex transactivator; MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine.
- Ahmed A, Reith W, Puck JM, Cheng LE. Novel Mutation in the Class II Transactivator Associated with Immunodeficiency and Autoimmunity. J Clin Immunol. 2015 Aug;35(6):521-2. doi: 10.1007/s10875-015-0183-z. Epub 2015 Aug 14. No abstract available.
- Bontron S, Steimle V, Ucla C, Eibl MM, Mach B. Two novel mutations in the MHC class II transactivator CIITA in a second patient from MHC class II deficiency complementation group A. Hum Genet. 1997 Apr;99(4):541-6. doi: 10.1007/s004390050403.
- Devaiah BN, Singer DS. CIITA and Its Dual Roles in MHC Gene Transcription. Front Immunol. 2013 Dec 20;4:476. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00476.
- Gobin SJ, Peijnenburg A, van Eggermond M, van Zutphen M, van den Berg R, van den Elsen PJ. The RFX complex is crucial for the constitutive and CIITA-mediated transactivation of MHC class I and beta2-microglobulin genes. Immunity. 1998 Oct;9(4):531-41. doi: 10.1016/s1074-7613(00)80636-6.
- Martin BK, Chin KC, Olsen JC, Skinner CA, Dey A, Ozato K, Ting JP. Induction of MHC class I expression by the MHC class II transactivator CIITA. Immunity. 1997 May;6(5):591-600. doi: 10.1016/s1074-7613(00)80347-7.
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