cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A
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A CDKN2A gene provides instructions for making several proteins. The most well-studied are the p16(INK4A) and the p14(ARF) proteins. Both function as tumour suppressors, which means they keep cells from growing and dividing too rapidly or in an uncontrolled way. Both proteins are also involved in stopping cell division in older cells (senescence).
Normal function
A CDKN2A gene provides instructions for making several proteins. The most well-studied are the p16(INK4A) and the p14(ARF) proteins. Both function as tumour suppressors, which means they keep cells from growing and dividing too rapidly or in an uncontrolled way. Both proteins are also involved in stopping cell division in older cells (senescence).
The p16(INK4A) protein attaches (binds) to two other proteins called CDK4 and CDK6. These proteins help regulate the cell cycle, which is the cell's way of replicating itself in an organized, step-by-step fashion. CDK4 and CDK6 normally stimulate the cell to continue through the cycle and divide. However, binding of p16(INK4A) blocks CDK4's or CDK6's ability to stimulate cell cycle progression. In this way, p16(INK4A) controls cell division. Cells begin to produce p16(INK4A) when they are no longer able to undergo cell division.
The p14(ARF) protein protects a different protein called p53 from being broken down. The p53 protein is an important tumour suppressor that is essential for regulating cell division, senescence, and self-destruction (apoptosis). By protecting p53, p14(ARF) also helps prevent tumour formation. The p14(ARF) and p53 proteins are often made in cells that are unable to undergo cell division.
Conditions referring to this gene or chromosome
Other names
ARF
CDK4 inhibitor p16-INK4
CDK4I
CDKN2
cell cycle negative regulator beta
CMM2
cyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitor A
cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A
cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (melanoma, p16, inhibits CDK4)
cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A isoform p12
cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A isoform p14ARF
cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A isoform p16gamma
cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A isoform p16INK4a
INK4
INK4A
MLM
MTS-1
MTS1
multiple tumour suppressor 1
P14
P14ARF
P16
P16-INK4A
P16INK4
P16INK4A
P19
P19ARF
TP16
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Leitura adicional e referências
- cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A; MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine.
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